On May 22, 2025 the House of Representatives passed H.R. 1 “The Big Beautiful Bill Act” [save snipes for Congress, that is the bill’s original title], and on July 1, 2025, the Senate passed a different version of the bill.  The Senate version, now headed back to the House, is here.

Title and Section Synopsis

The linked bill above (H.R. 1, 119th Congress) is a broad and sweeping budget reconciliation package. Below is a detailed breakdown of the structure—titles, subtitles, and sections—from the official Table of Contents, organized by congressional committee jurisdiction.

TITLE I — COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE, NUTRITION, AND FORESTRY

Subtitle A — Nutrition

  • Sec. 10101: Re-evaluation of Thrifty Food Plan

  • Sec. 10102: SNAP work requirement modifications

  • Sec. 10103: Utility allowance rules

  • Sec. 10104: Restrictions on internet expenses

  • Sec. 10105: Matching fund requirements

  • Sec. 10106: Cost-sharing administration

  • Sec. 10107: Education and obesity prevention grants

  • Sec. 10108: Alien SNAP eligibility restrictions

Subtitle B — Forestry

  • Sec. 10201: Rescission of forestry funds

Subtitle C — Commodities

  • Sec. 10301–10314: Covers effective prices, base acres, elections, price loss, marketing loans, dairy/sugar/textile updates, and income/eligibility caps

Subtitle D — Disaster Assistance Programs

  • Sec. 10401: Supplemental agriculture disaster aid

Subtitle E — Crop Insurance

  • Sec. 10501–10507: Support for new farmers, area coverage, poultry pilot, compliance, and affordability

Subtitle F — Rural Investments

  • Sec. 10601–10607: Conservation, energy, research, nutrition, horticulture, trade promotion, and miscellaneous items

TITLE II — COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES

  • Sec. 20001–20013: Military quality of life, shipbuilding, missile defense, Indo-Pacific command, cybersecurity, construction authorizations, and oversight

TITLE III — COMMITTEE ON BANKING, HOUSING, AND URBAN AFFAIRS

  • Sec. 30001: Cap on CFPB funding

  • Sec. 30002: Rescission of Green Retrofit Program funds

  • Sec. 30003: Elimination of SEC Reserve Fund

  • Sec. 30004: Defense Production Act appropriations

TITLE IV — COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND TRANSPORTATION

  • Sec. 40001–40011: Covers Coast Guard, air traffic, spectrum auctions, Mars/Artemis, NOAA rescissions, and airport leases

TITLE V — COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES

Subtitle A — Oil and Gas Leasing

  • Sec. 50101–50105: Onshore, offshore, methane royalties, and Alaska leasing

Subtitle B — Mining

  • Sec. 50201–50204: Coal leasing and royalties

Subtitle C — Lands

  • Sec. 50301–50305: Timber, renewable energy fees/revenue sharing, rescissions, and America’s 250th celebration

Subtitle D — Energy

  • Sec. 50401–50404: Strategic reserve, AI, repeals, energy financing

Subtitle E — Water

  • Sec. 50501: Water conveyance/storage enhancement

TITLE VI — COMMITTEE ON ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC WORKS

  • Sec. 60001–60026: Major rescissions to environmental/climate funds and programs including Greenhouse Gas Fund, low-emissions vehicles, air pollution mitigation, school air quality, methane programs, and the Kennedy Center

TITLE VII — FINANCE

Subtitle A — Tax (Chapter 1: Middle-Class Relief)

  • Sec. 70101–70106: Extensions of reduced tax rates, deductions, CTC, estate exemptions

Chapter 2 — Medicaid Reforms

  • Subchapters A–E: Alien eligibility, fraud prevention, community engagement requirements

Chapter 3 — Medicare Reforms

  • Subchapters A–B: Orphan drug exclusion, physician fee boost

Chapter 4 — Health Tax & Coverage

  • Subchapters A–C: Premium tax credit limits, telehealth expansions, direct primary care

Chapter 5 — Rural Hospitals

  • Sec. 71401: Rural Health Transformation

Subtitle C — Debt Limit

  • Sec. 72001: Debt ceiling modification

Subtitle D — Unemployment

  • Sec. 73001: Ends benefits for millionaire recipients

TITLE VIII — COMMITTEE ON HEALTH, EDUCATION, LABOR, AND PENSIONS

Subtitles A–H

  • Sec. 80001–87001: Includes student loan reforms, loan limits, Pell Grant adjustments, low-earning outcome ineligibility, borrower defense delays, and a “Garden of Heroes” initiative

TITLE IX — COMMITTEE ON HOMELAND SECURITY AND GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS

Subtitle A — Homeland Security

  • Sec. 90001–90007: Border wall/infrastructure, CBP funding, detention capacity, tech

Subtitle B — Governmental Affairs

  • Sec. 90101–90103: FEHB changes, pandemic oversight, OMB funding

TITLE X — COMMITTEE ON THE JUDICIARY

Subtitle A — Immigration & Law Enforcement

Part I: Immigration Fees

  • Sec. 100001–100018: New fees for asylum, parole, TPS, EADs, and inadmissibility

Part II: Funding

  • Sec. 100051–100057: DHS, ICE, DOJ, BOP, Secret Service, and law enforcement funding

Subtitle B — Judiciary Appropriations

  • Sec. 100101–100102: Courts and judicial centers

Subtitle C — Radiation Compensation

  • Sec. 100201–100205: Manhattan Project, uranium exposure, claim limitations